hemoglobin derivatives…

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what the risks are blood test, methemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin, sulfhemoglobin, carbon monoxide poisoning, hemoglobin derivatives, blood test to detect, measure the percentage of abnormal hemoglobin derivatives that result from drugs nitroglycerin, from poisoning by carbon monoxide, blood is drawn, a vein, on the inside, the elbow, the hand, puncture site is cleaned, antiseptic, an elastic band, around the upper arm to apply pressure, restrict blood flow, the vein, veins below the band to fill, blood, a needle is inserted, vein, blood is collected in an air-tight vial, a syringe, band is removed, restore circulation, once the blood has been collected, needle is removed, puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding, samples, sent, lab, percentage of total hemoglobin vs, derivatives is evaluated, , child, have this test performed, to explain how the test, demonstrate on a doll, explain the reason, knowing the "how, why", reduce the anxiety child feels, the needle is inserted to draw blood, feel moderate pain, a prick, stinging sensation, some throbbing, hemoglobin, substance in red blood cells that transports oxygen, carbon dioxide between the lungs, body tissues, certain chemicals, drugs, introduced, blood stream, the hemoglobin so it no longer functions, a transport medium, measuring abnormal hemoglobins, in diagnosing, monitoring exposure to these agents, carboxyhemoglobin is hemoglobin bound to carbon monoxide instead of oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide has a much higher affinity, hemoglobin than does oxygen, 210 times more, high percentages of carboxyhemoglobin, in the blood impairs the normal transport of oxygen by the blood, sulfhemoglobin results, union of hemoglobin, medications phenacetin, sulfonamides, form of hemoglobin is unable to transport oxygen, condition is untreatable, solution, wait, red blood cells, destroyed, part of normal life cycle, methemoglobin occurs, the iron that is part of hemoglobin is altered so that it, does not carry oxygen well, certain compounds introduced, blood stream, cause this problem, sulfonamides, chlorates, nitrates, nitrites, aniline, phenacetin, a congenital form of this disorder, a deficiency of nadh cytochrome b5 reductase, another form, hemoglobin m disease, following values represent the percentage of hemoglobin derivatives, total hemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin, 3%, 15% in smokers, methemoglobin, less than 3%, sulfhemoglobin, undetectable, abnormally high levels of hemoglobin derivatives rise, increasingly detrimental effects, forms of hemoglobin, not permit the transfer of oxygen, effects on the body, related to lack of oxygen, tissues, result in tissue death, following values, except sulfhemoglobin, represent the percentage of hemoglobin derivatives, total hemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin, 20% symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning begin to appear, 30% severe carbon monoxide poisoning present, 50-80% results in fatal carbon monoxide poisoning, methemoglobin, 10-25% results in cyanosis, 35-40% results in shortness of breath, headache, over 60% results in lethargy, stupor, over 70% results in death, sulfhemoglobin, values of 10 gm/dl result in cyanosis, not produce toxic effects, lower levels, hemoglobin derivatives produce the same effects in children, gm/dl = grams per deciliter, risks associated, having blood drawn, slight, excessive bleeding, fainting, feeling light-headed, hematoma, blood accumulating under the skin, infection, a slight risk, the skin is broken, multiple punctures to locate veins, veins, arteries vary in size, obtaining a blood sample.