creatinine, serum…

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what the risks are creatinine tests, serum creatinine, creatinine, breakdown product of creatine, important part of muscle, a serum creatinine test measures the amount, creatinine, in the blood, adult, child, blood is drawn, a vein, the elbow, the hand, puncture site is cleaned, antiseptic, an elastic band, around the upper arm to apply pressure, vein to swell, blood, a needle is inserted, vein, blood is collected in an air-tight vial, a syringe, band is removed, restore circulation, once the blood has been collected, needle is removed, puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding, infant, young child, area is cleansed, antiseptic, punctured, a sharp needle, a lancet, blood collected, pipette, small glass tube, on a slide, onto a test strip, into a small container, a bandage applied, puncture site, any bleeding, health care provider, advise to discontinue drugs, affect the test, special considerations, infants, children, test depends on child's age, level of trust, prepare child, infant test, procedure preparation, birth to 1 year, toddler test, procedure preparation, 1 to 3 years, preschooler test, procedure preparation, 3 to 6 years, schoolage test, procedure preparation, 6 to 12 years, adolescent test, procedure preparation, 12 to 18 years, the needle is inserted to draw blood, feel moderate pain, others feel only a prick, stinging sensation, some throbbing, test is performed to evaluate kidney function, kidney function is abnormal, creatinine levels, increase, in the blood, due to decreased excretion of creatinine, in the urine, creatinine levels also vary according to a person's size, muscle mass, a normal, usual, value is 0.8 to 1.4 mg/dl, normal value ranges, among different laboratories, females have a lower creatinine than males, due to less muscle mass, mg/dl = milligrams per deciliter, abnormal results, following applies, greater-than-normal levels, acute tubular necrosis, dehydration, diabetic nephropathy, eclampsia, a condition of pregnancy that includes seizures, glomerulonephritis, muscular dystrophy, pre-eclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension, pyelonephritis, reduced renal blood flow, shock, congestive heart failure, renal failure, rhabdomyolysis, urinary tract obstruction, lower-than-normal levels, muscular dystrophy, late stage, myasthenia gravis, additional conditions under which the test performed, acute nephritic syndrome, alport syndrome, atheroembolic renal disease, chronic renal failure, complicated uti, pyelonephritis, cushing's syndrome, dementia, due to metabolic causes, dermatomyositis, digitalis toxicity, ectopic cushing's syndrome, end-stage renal disease, epilepsy, generalized tonic-clonic seizure, goodpasture's syndrome, hemolytic-uremic syndrome, hus, hepatorenal syndrome, igm mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis, lupus nephritis, malignant hypertension, arteriolar nephrosclerosis, medullary cystic disease, membranoproliferative gn i, membranoproliferative gn ii, noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, niddm, polymyositis, adult, prerenal azotemia, primary amyloid, rapidly progressive, crescentic, glomerulonephritis, secondary systemic amyloid, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, wilms' tumor, excessive bleeding, fainting, feeling light-headed, hematoma, blood accumulating under the skin, infection, a slight risk, the skin is broken, multiple punctures to locate veins, why, test performed, a measurement, the serum creatinine level, evaluate kidney function, creatinine, breakdown product of creatine, important component of muscle, creatinine, converted, atp molecule, high-energy source, daily production of creatine, subsequently creatinine, depends on muscle mass, fluctuates very little, creatinine is excreted, body entirely by the kidneys, normal renal excretory function, serum creatinine level should remain constant, drugs, increase creatinine measurements include aminoglycosides, gentamicin, bactrim, cimetidine, heavy metal chemotherapeutic agents, cisplatin, nephrotoxic drugs, cephalosporins, cefoxitin.