colon cancer…

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barium enema, colonoscopy, digestive system, rectal cancer, x-ray, sigmoid colon cancer, x-ray, spleen metastasis, ct scan, structure, the colon, large intestine, stages of cancer, large intestine, colon culture, colon cancer, colostomy, large bowel resection, colorectal cancer, cancer, colon, colon, rectum, the large intestine, large bowel, colon, rectum cancers, referred to together, "colorectal cancer", arise, lining, the large intestine, cancer arises, lining of an organ, large intestine, a carcinoma, colon cancer, rare, lymphoma, carcinoid tumors, melanoma, sarcomas, the term colon cancer, the rest of this article, colon carcinoma, not the other, rare types of colon cancer, over 130, 000 cases of colorectal cancer diagnosed, in the united states each year, over 50, 000 deaths, colorectal cancer, second leading cause of cancer deaths, disease is entirely treatable, caught early by colonoscopy, no single cause, colon cancer, all colon cancers begin, benign polyps, a period of many years, develop into cancers, factors that increase the risk of colon cancer, colorectal polyps, cancer elsewhere, a family history of colon cancer, ulcerative colitis, patients, a history of breast cancer have a slightly increased risk of developing colon cancer, certain genetic syndromes increase the risk of developing colon cancer in affected families, dietary factors, been associated, colon cancer, a high-meat, high-fat, low-fiber diet, studies found that the risk is not reduced, people switch to a high-fiber diet, the link is not yet clear, proper screening, colon cancer, detected, the development of symptoms, most curable, most cases of colon cancer have no symptoms, following symptoms, indicate colon cancer, diarrhea, constipation, change in bowel habits, does not resolve, blood, in the stool, unexplained anemia, anemia in any adult who is not a menstruating woman should always be evaluated by a colonoscopy, abdominal pain, tenderness, in the lower abdomen, intestinal obstruction, weight loss, no known reason, stools narrower than usual, a physical examination rarely shows any abnormalities, an abdominal mass present, a rectal examination, reveal a mass in patients, rectal cancer, not colon cancer, a colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, reveal evidence of cancer, colonoscopy, not sigmoidoscopy, examines the entire colon, a fecal occult blood test, fobt, detect small amounts of blood, in the stool, a possible indicator of colon cancer, negative in patients, colon cancer, not all polyps bleed, not all polyps bleed all the time, why a fobt must be used, the other more invasive screening measures, either colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, a positive fobt doesn't necessarily mean the person has cancer, "false positives", medications, factors, a blood count, reveal evidence of anemia, low iron levels, a ct scan, an abdominal mass, this test is not very good at detecting colon cancer, treatment depends partly on the stage, the cancer, how far the tumor has spread, the layers, the intestine, innermost lining to outside the intestinal wall, beyond, stage 0, very early cancer on the innermost layer, accurately considered a precursor to cancer, stage i, tumor, in the inner layers, the colon, stage ii, tumor has spread, the muscle wall, the colon, stage iii, tumor that has spread, lymph nodes, stage iv, tumor that has spread to distant organs, stage 0 colon cancer treated by cutting out the lesion, via a colonoscopy, stages i, ii, iii cancer, extensive surgery to remove a segment of colon containing the tumor, reattachment, the colon, colon resection, procedure only rarely, a colostomy, all patients, stage iii colon cancer, after surgery, should receive chemotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, a drug known, 5-fluorouracil given, approximately 6, 8 months, drug has been shown to increase the chance of a cure, debate, to whether patients, stage ii colon cancer should receive chemotherapy after surgery, patients should discuss this, oncologist, chemotherapy is also used, patients, stage iv disease, shrink the tumor, lengthen life, improve the patient's quality of life, irinotecan, oxaloplatin, 5-fluorouracil, the 3 most commonly used drugs, given either individually, in combination, oral chemotherapy drugs, similar to 5-fluroruracil, most commonly used capecitabine, xeloda, oxaliplatin, a newer chemotherapy drug, approved, in 2002, active against colon cancer, used in combination, 5-fluorouracil, studies, done that combine it, chemotherapy drugs, chemotherapy agents, drugs that specifically target abnormalities in cancer cells, currently in development, undergoing clinical trials, patients, stage iv disease that is localized, liver, various treatments directed specifically, liver, tumors surgically removed, burned, frozen chemotherapy, radioactive substances, infused, liver, radiation therapy is occasionally used in patients, colon cancer, used in combination, chemotherapy, patients, stage iii rectal cancer, additional resources, information, colon cancer support group, patient's colon cancer, does not come back, recur, 5 years, considered cured, colon cancer rarely comes back after 5 years, stage i, ii, iii cancers, considered potentially curable, stage iv cancer is not curable, stage i has a 90% 5-year survival, stage ii has a 75, 85% 5-year survival, stage iii a 40, 60% 5-year survival, numbers take into account, stage iii patients, studies, stage ii patients, chemotherapy improves the chance of 5-year survival, patients, stage iv disease rarely live beyond 5 years, median survival, meaning half the patients live longer, half shorter, treatment is between 1, 2 years, cancer spreading to other organs, tissues, metastasis, recurrence of carcinoma, the colon, development of a second primary colorectal cancer, colon cancer, a treatable disease, caught early, removal of premalignant polyps by colonoscopy essentially prevents colon cancer, man, woman age 50, over who has not had a colonoscopy should call physician to schedule one, additionally, call physician, develop blood, in the stool, either visible blood, blood detected by a home fecal occult blood test, black tarry stool, a change in bowel habits, important to emphasize that most people, colon cancer have no symptoms, 000 people die of colon cancer every year, yet, colon cancer, always be caught in its earliest, most curable stages by colonosocopy, all men, women age 50, older should have a colonoscopy, colonoscopy is always painless, most patients, asleep, the entire procedure, taking laxatives, enemas, the test to clean out the colon isn't fun, most people find this to be the worst part, the procedure, embarrassing, awkward, certainly better than having cancer, certain people, require colonoscopies, age 50, persons, a history of colon polyps, inflammatory bowel disease, a first degree relative, mother, father, brother, sister, colon cancer that developed, the age of 60, additionally, patients, personal, family history of cancer, consider colon cancer screening at an earlier age, fecal occult blood test, sigmoidoscopy, barium enema, screening tests, early detection, prevention of colon cancer, colonoscopy remains the gold standard, a new test, a virtual colonoscopy, uses ct scan technology to visualize the colon, several problems, early in development, we still don't have enough information, how accurate it really, second, patients must take a preparation the night, to clean out the colon, an abnormality, patient must still undergo a traditional colonoscopy, dietary, lifestyle modifications, evidence suggests that low-fat, high-fiber diets, reduce risk of colon cancer, patients who follow strict diets, develop this disease, require colonoscopy, evidence suggests that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, nsaids, prevent colon cancer, again, screening is still necessary.