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cerebral palsy…

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central nervous system, cerebral palsy, group of disorders characterized by loss of movement, loss of other nerve functions, disorders, injuries, brain that occur, fetal development, near the time of birth, cerebral palsy, injury, cerebrum, largest portion, the brain, is involved, higher mental faculties, sensations, voluntary muscle activities, initially cerebral palsy was thought to be related to birth asphyxia, strangulation, birth, leads to lack of oxygen, brain, trauma, study of 45,000 births it was shown, birth asphyxia, uncommon cause of cerebral palsy, brain areas receive lower levels of oxygen, hypoxia, not known why this occurs, researchers suspect that certain factors, events, the fetus, make it more susceptible to any hypoxia that occurs, why some infants, affected others, suffer low oxygen levels but not lasting brain damage, premature infants have a slightly higher incidence of cerebral palsy, cerebral palsy, early infancy, a result of illnesses, encephalitis, meningitis, herpes simplex infections, head injury that results in subdural hematoma, blood vessel injuries, many others, injury, cerebrum, in the loss of nerve functions in widely different areas, classical finding of cp is spasticity, increased muscle tone, affect a single limb, spastic hemiplegia, legs, spastic diplegia, arms, legs, spastic quadriplegia, partial, full loss of movement, paralysis, sensory abnormalities, defects of hearing, vision, speech abnormalities, common, seizures, intellectual function, range from extremely bright normal to severe mental retardation, evident, age 2, in severe cases, appear, 3 months, cerebral palsy, non-progressive type of encephalopathy, injury, brain, symptoms directly resulting, not worsen, classifications of cerebral palsy include spastic, dyskinetic, ataxic, mixed, spastic cerebral palsy includes, 50% of cases, dyskinetic, athetoid, cerebral palsy affects, 20%, involves development of abnormal movements, twisting, jerking, movements, ataxic cerebral palsy involves tremors, unsteady gait, loss of coordination, abnormal movements, affects, 10%, remaining 20%, mixed, combination, above symptoms, seizures, muscle contractions, difficulty sucking, feeding, irregular breathing, delayed development of motor skills, reaching, sitting, rolling, crawling, walking, motormental retardation, mental retardation, speech abnormalities, dysarthria, visual abnormalities, hearing abnormalities, spasticity, progressive joint contractures, limited range of motion, peg teeth, in many cases, a doctor's examination indicates delayed development of motor skills, infantile reflexes, sucking, startle, persist past the age where they, disappear, muscle tremor, spasticity evident, a tendency of infants to tuck arms in toward sides, scissors movements, the legs, abnormal movements, various laboratory tests performed to eliminate nutritional, mri, the head demonstrates structural, congenital abnormalities, ct scan, the head demonstrates structural, congenital abnormalities, hearing screen, auditory status, visual testing, visual status, eeg, blood tests to exclude metabolic, hereditary conditions, no specific cure, cerebral palsy, goal of treatment, maximize independence, treatment is guided by the symptoms exhibited, physical therapy, braces, appropriate glasses, hearing aids, medications, special education, appropriate schooling, in severe cases, institutionalization, mainstreaming in regular schools is advised, physical disabilities, mental development makes this impossible, glasses, hearing aids, equipment must be designed specifically, the particular disabilities, assist, communication, learning, physical therapy, occupational therapy, orthopedic intervention, treatments appropriate, medications, muscle relaxants to reduce tremors, spasticity, anticonvulsants, prevent, reduce the frequency of seizures, surgery needed, cases to release joint contractures, a progressive problem associated, spasticity, surgery, necessary, placement of feeding tubes, to control gastroesophageal reflux, use of botulinum toxin injections has been show to reduce, delay the need, surgery, organizations that provide support, cerebral palsy resources, cerebral palsy, lifelong disorder, long-term care required, does not affect expected length of life, extent of disability, seizures, injuries from falls, reduced mobility, reduced communication skills, reduced intellect, social stigmatization, symptoms of cerebral palsy develop, an injury occurred, birth, early infancy, adequate prenatal care, reduce the risk of some rare causes, cerebral palsy, dramatic improvements over the last 15 years in obstetrical care at delivery has not reduced the incidence of cerebral palsy, injury causing the disorder, not be preventable, pregnant mothers, various medical conditions, followed, high risk prenatal clinic.



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