analgesic nephropathy…

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male urinary system, phenacetin nephritis, nephropathy, analgesic, analgesic nephropathy involves damage to one, kidneys, overexposure to mixtures of medications, over-the-counter pain remedies, analgesics, analgesic nephropathy is one type of toxic injury, kidney, a result of prolonged, chronic ingestion of analgesics, over-the-counter, otc, medications that contain phenacetin, acetaminophen, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, nsaids, aspirin, ibuprofen, ingestion, have been, excessive, 4 to 5 pounds of total medication ingested, a period of years, 3 pills per day, 6 years, frequently occurs, a result of self-medication, type of chronic pain, analgesic nephropathy occurs in, 4 out of 100,000 people, mostly women over 30, rate has decreased significantly, phenacetin is no longer widely available in otc preparations, risk factors include use of otc analgesics containing more than one active ingredient, chronic headache, chronic backache, musculoskeletal pain, pain, menstrual periods, emotional, behavioral changes, history of dependent behaviors, smoking, alcoholism, excessive use of tranquilizers, have been a history, urinary tract infections, acute uti, interstitial nephritis, renal calculi, prerenal azotemia, congestive heart failure, blood volume depletion, dehydration, damage occurs, the internal structures, the kidney, interstitial nephritis, renal papillary necrosis, eventually acute renal failure, chronic renal failure, tissue, the kidney, slough off, urine, blood, pus, in the urine, positive urine cultures, signs of infection, minimal, no loss of protein, in the urine, weakness, fatigue, increased urinary frequency, urgency, blood, in the urine, flank pain, back pain, renal colic, occasional, decreased urine output, decreased alertness, drowsiness, confusion, delirium, lethargy, decreased sensation, numbness, of extremities, nausea, vomiting, easy bruising, bleeding, swelling, generalized, no symptoms, an examination unrevealing but, indicate interstitial nephritis, renal failure blood pressure elevated, signs of fluid overload, abnormal heart, lung sounds, premature skin aging evident, a blood toxicology screen positive, salicylate, a urinalysis shows blood, white cells, a cbc, anemia, decreased number of red blood cells, a histology, examination, sediment, tissue passed, in the urine, necrotic, dead, papillary tissue, an ivp, intravenous pyelogram, papillary necrosis, tissue death, sloughed papillae, in the renal pelvis, ureter, primary goals of treatment, prevent further damage, to treat any existing kidney failure, advise to stop taking all suspect analgesics, particularly otc medications, signs of kidney failure, extent, severity, the kidney failure, dietary changes, fluid restriction, dialysis, kidney transplant, counseling, behavioral modification, similar interventions, assist in developing alternative methods of control of chronic pain, kidney acute, temporary, chronic, long term, acute renal failure, chronic renal failure, interstitial nephritis, renal papillary necrosis, tissue death, urinary tract infections, chronic, recurrent, hypertension, transitional cell carcinoma, the kidney, ureter, symptoms indicate analgesic nephropathy present, there has been a history of use of pain-killers, blood, solid material is present, in the urine, urine output decreases, follow the directions, the health care provider, using medications, otc medications, not exceed the recommended dose of medications, the supervision, the health care provider.